You could say the uniqueness that comes from a distinctive symbol dareah region itself. For example, the traditional house. As we know each area or more specifically, for each province in Indonesia, there is a traditional house with different characteristics and have unique characteristics to then represent a cultural symbol of the area. One of them is called Tongkonan Toraja traditional house, which is typical traditional house Tana Toraja in South Sulawesi have values very strong cultural traditions associated with local communities.
Tana Toraja condition that the cold air is the reason for the architectural design of the house which is generally based on the size of the doors and windows are relatively small and the walls and floors of wood designed thicker. Likewise, roof, roof design Toraja traditional house made of bamboo structure is very strong. The purpose of this course construction design that the interior temperature warmer air.
The local culture wisdom Cosmology
Tana Toraja people generally use the concept of culture-Cosmology wisdom in building a house, namely the concept of 'home center' which is a blend of cosmology and symbolism. In the perspective of cosmology, according to the traditional Toraja house community is a microcosm of the macrocosm which is a component of the environment. Home center can be defined into two special 'meraga'. In this case the first meraga fireplace is located in the middle of the room and a roof that rises above the living room where the roof into one with smoke (sky father). While the second meraga is meraga as the main pole or pillar, for example a'riri possi in Toraja, balla pocci in Makassar, and possi ball in Bugis, where the pillar merges with Mother Earth.
Guided house build Philosophy of Life
In building a house, a traditional Toraja people are also guided by filososfi life which is called "Aluk A'pa Oto'na". This philosophy has four meanings outlook on life is: The glory of God, human life, and Cultures, and Nature of Life Ancestors. Fourth this philosophy later became the basis for the creation of traditional Toraja house plans rectangle bounded by walls. The separation wall also has a meaning which symbolizes the "body" or "power".
Confined Space In House Architecture Design Traditional Toraja
In a traditional Toraja people believe more in the power of self or "Egocentrum". This belief is reflected in the architectural design concept that dominates the private enclosed space. If there is an open space, and even then it is quite narrow. The concept of the architectural design of the traditional Toraja house receives a significant influence from the cultural ethos of the so-called "tallang simuane" or often called the philosophy of "harmony". Namely two pieces of split bamboo and designed respectively closed, such as the installation of parts of bamboo in building barns or custom homes.
Layout Traditional House of Toraja
Custom layout Tongkonan house is always oriented North and South, this is taken into account in making the architectural design. In detail, the front of the house should be oriented to the North or the habit of Toraja called Puang Matua direction "Ulunna rainbow". While the house should be oriented toward the rear of the South, or is believed to be the direction Pollo'na Langi spirit ". While the other two cardinal directions East and West symbolizes life and maintenance. Directions to the East believed to be the direction of DEA or "God" gives life and preserve the world and everything in it. While the West is believed to be the direction where the ancestors or Todolo.
All the orientation direction of the wind is then translated into the balance. If translated architecture, the balance can be applied in the form of symmetrical buildings. From this discussion we can draw the conclusion that there are three basic principles of the architectural design of the attachment Toraja traditional house, orientation, and symmetrical.
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